1. What is Pipe Slope?

Pipe slope is the angle or gradient at which a pipe is installed to ensure proper drainage. It's typically expressed as a percentage representing the vertical drop (rise) over a horizontal distance (run).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pipe slope formula:

Where:

• \( Rise \) — Vertical drop (same units as run)
• \( Run \) — Horizontal distance (same units as rise)

Explanation: The formula calculates the percentage slope by dividing the vertical drop by the horizontal distance and multiplying by 100 to convert to a percentage.

3. Importance of Proper Pipe Slope

Details: Correct pipe slope is essential for effective drainage, preventing standing water, and ensuring proper flow velocity to move solids through the pipe system.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the vertical drop (rise) and horizontal distance (run) in the same units. Both values must be positive numbers, with run greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the recommended slope for drainage pipes?
A: Typically 1-2% (1-2 cm per meter or 1/8"-1/4" per foot) for most applications, but local codes may specify exact requirements.

Q2: Can pipe slope be too steep?
A: Yes, excessive slope can cause liquids to outrun solids, leaving waste behind. It can also cause excessive velocity and pipe erosion.

Q3: How do I measure rise and run in the field?
A: Rise is the vertical difference between pipe ends. Run is the horizontal distance between the same points (not the pipe length).

Q4: Does this calculator work for any units?
A: Yes, as long as rise and run are in the same units (inches, feet, cm, meters, etc.).

Q5: How precise does slope need to be?
A: For most applications, precision to 0.1% is sufficient. Critical applications may require greater precision.